In just a few decades, DNA sequencing technologies evolved from slow, manual processes to rapid, automated ones, making ...

Fred Sanger was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1980 for the discovery of dideoxynucleotide sequencing of DNA, merely 3 years after a description of the technique was published 1. In the ...

In a way, sequencing DNA is very simple: There's a molecule, you look at it, and you write down what you find. You'd think it would be easy—and, for any one letter in the sequence, it is. The problem ...

Despite advances in mass spectrometry and emerging single-molecule approaches, sequencing peptides at the single-molecule level remains a central challenge in proteomics. Here we present a ‘reverse ...