Separating crude oil into its several constituents is the function of the oil refinery. The crude oil is put into a still and heated. The molecularly lighter substances are given off, beginning with ...

Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is the primary conversion process in most petroleum refineries 1. FCC technology consists of a pipe coil reactor (usually a riser), where the cracking reaction takes ...

Against the backdrop of global energy transition and persistent demand for fossil fuels, the development of unconventional oil and gas resources has emerged as a strategic priority for ensuring energy ...

The increasingly inferior quality of heavy oil resources has brought more difficult challenges to traditional heavy oil processing technology. The high temperature and pressure conditions, and the ...