Algorithms are everywhere, even when we do not notice them. They help us search the web, navigate roads, and discover new content online. Understanding how algorithms work is one of the simplest ways ...

As a creator, I have spent countless hours observing what succeeds and what struggles on social media platforms. The more I watch, the more I find myself asking a difficult question: Are today's ...

Abstract: Bilevel optimization, where one optimization problem is inherently nested within another, has gained significant attention due to its extensive applications in machine learning, such as ...

Abstract: Deterministic processing time are no longer applicable under realistic circumstances because of the uncertainties involved in manufacturing and production processes. The present study aims ...